Infineon CoolSiC MOSFET Technical Review

Executive Summary

Silicon Carbide (SiC) MOSFETs represent a paradigm shift in power semiconductor technology, offering significant advantages over traditional silicon devices in high-voltage, high-frequency, and high-temperature applications. This review provides an in-depth technical analysis of Infineon's CoolSiC MOSFET family, with focus on the IMW120R040M1H (1200V, 40mΩ) device.

SiC vs Silicon: Fundamental Advantages

Material Properties

PropertySilicon (Si)Silicon Carbide (4H-SiC)Advantage
Bandgap (eV)1.123.263× higher
Critical Field (MV/cm)0.33.010× higher
Thermal Conductivity (W/cm·K)1.54.93× higher
Electron Saturation Velocity (×10⁷ cm/s)1.02.02× higher
Implications:
  • Higher breakdown voltage for same doping concentration
  • Lower on-resistance for same die size
  • Higher operating temperature (up to 200°C junction)
  • Faster switching due to lower capacitances

Performance Comparison: SiC MOSFET vs Si MOSFET vs IGBT

ParameterSi MOSFET (650V)Si IGBT (1200V)SiC MOSFET (1200V)
Rds(on) specificHighN/A10× lower than Si
Switching SpeedFastSlowVery fast
Reverse RecoveryPoor (body diode)N/AExcellent (no Qrr)
Max Junction Temp150°C150°C175°C
Efficiency @ 100kHzGoodPoorExcellent

Infineon CoolSiC MOSFET Family Overview

Product Portfolio

Infineon's CoolSiC MOSFET portfolio spans 650V to 1700V devices:

VoltageRds(on) RangePackagesApplications
650V19-80mΩTO-247, PG-DSOServer PSU, Telecom
1200V20-160mΩTO-247, PrimePACKSolar, EV Charging
1700V10-40mΩPrimePACK, IHMTraction, Wind Power

IMW120R040M1H: Device Specifications

Key Parameters:

  • Drain-Source Voltage (Vds): 1200V
  • On-Resistance (Rds(on)): 40mΩ @ Vgs = +18V, 25°C
  • Continuous Drain Current (Id): 60A @ Tc = 25°C
  • Pulsed Drain Current (Id,pulse): 160A
  • Gate-Source Voltage (Vgs): -10V to +25V
  • Junction Temperature (Tj): -55°C to +175°C
  • Package: PG-TO-247-4 with Kelvin source

Switching Performance Analysis

Switching Losses

Switching losses are significantly lower compared to silicon devices:

Test Conditions: Vds = 800V, Id = 40A, Vgs = -5V/+18V, Rg = 5Ω, Tj = 25°C

ParameterValueUnit
Turn-on Energy (Eon)0.35mJ
Turn-off Energy (Eoff)0.25mJ
Diode Reverse Recovery (Err)0mJ (no Qrr)
Total Switching Energy0.60mJ
Comparison with Si IGBT (FF300R12ME4) at same conditions:
  • IGBT Eon + Eoff: ~2.5mJ
  • IGBT diode Err: ~1.5mJ
  • SiC advantage: 4× lower switching losses

Reverse Recovery Characteristics

One of the most significant advantages of SiC MOSFETs is the absence of reverse recovery charge (Qrr):

SiC MOSFET:

  • Body diode is a PiN diode with minimal stored charge
  • Qrr ≈ 0 μC
  • No reverse recovery current spike
  • Reduced switching losses in complementary devices
Si IGBT:
  • Anti-parallel diode has significant Qrr
  • Qrr = 5-20 μC (depending on device)
  • Reverse recovery current spike causes:
  • Increased switching losses
  • EMI concerns
  • Potential shoot-through risk

High-Frequency Operation

SiC MOSFETs enable much higher switching frequencies:

ApplicationSi IGBT TypicalSiC MOSFET PossibleBenefit
Solar Inverter16-20kHz50-100kHzSmaller magnetics
EV Charger20-50kHz100-200kHzCompact design
Server PSU65-100kHz200-500kHzHigher power density

Thermal Performance

On-Resistance vs Temperature

Rds(on) increases with temperature, but SiC shows better behavior than silicon:

IMW120R040M1H:

  • Rds(on) @ 25°C: 40mΩ
  • Rds(on) @ 125°C: 68mΩ (1.7× increase)
  • Rds(on) @ 175°C: 84mΩ (2.1× increase)
Si MOSFET (comparable):
  • Rds(on) @ 25°C: 40mΩ
  • Rds(on) @ 125°C: 80mΩ (2.0× increase)
  • Rds(on) @ 175°C: 100mΩ (2.5× increase)

Thermal Resistance

Junction-to-Case Thermal Resistance:

  • Rth(j-c): 0.35°C/W (TO-247-4 package)
Maximum Power Dissipation:
  • At Tc = 25°C: Pd = (175°C - 25°C) / 0.35°C/W = 429W
  • At Tc = 80°C: Pd = (175°C - 80°C) / 0.35°C/W = 271W

Application-Specific Recommendations

Solar Inverters

Topology: Three-phase two-level inverter with DC-DC boost

Benefits of SiC:

  • 0.5-1% efficiency improvement (European efficiency)
  • Higher switching frequency reduces filter size
  • No anti-parallel diode reverse recovery losses
Recommended Devices:
  • String inverters (10-50kW): IMW120R040M1H
  • Central inverters (>100kW): PrimePACK SiC modules

EV Charging

Topology: Vienna rectifier + LLC DC-DC

Benefits of SiC:

  • Higher power density (smaller magnetics, heatsinks)
  • Faster charging capability
  • Improved thermal performance
Recommended Devices:
  • AC Level 2 (22kW): 650V CoolSiC
  • DC Fast Charger (50-150kW): 1200V CoolSiC

Industrial Power Supplies

Topology: PFC + LLC or Phase-Shifted Full Bridge

Benefits of SiC:

  • Higher efficiency (80 PLUS Titanium achievable)
  • Higher power density
  • Reduced cooling requirements

Design Considerations

Gate Drive Requirements

Recommended Gate Voltages:

  • Turn-on: +18V to +20V (for lowest Rds(on))
  • Turn-off: -5V to -10V (for reliable turn-off)
Important: SiC MOSFETs require more positive gate voltage than silicon MOSFETs to achieve specified Rds(on).

Gate Resistor Selection

Trade-offs:

  • Lower Rg: Faster switching, lower losses, higher EMI
  • Higher Rg: Slower switching, higher losses, lower EMI
Recommended Starting Values:
  • Rg,on: 5-10Ω
  • Rg,off: 2-5Ω

Layout Considerations

Critical for SiC:

  • Minimize parasitic inductance in power loop
  • Kelvin connection for gate drive (use TO-247-4 package)
  • Symmetrical layout for parallel devices
  • Proper grounding to avoid false triggering
  • Cost-Benefit Analysis

    System-Level Cost Savings

    While SiC MOSFETs have higher device cost, total system cost can be lower:

    Cost Savings:

    • Magnetics: 30-50% smaller due to higher frequency
    • Heatsinks: 20-40% smaller due to lower losses
    • Capacitors: Reduced ripple current requirements
    • Enclosure: Smaller due to reduced cooling needs
    Typical ROI:
    • Solar inverters: 6-12 months (efficiency gains)
    • EV chargers: 3-6 months (power density)
    • Industrial PSU: 12-18 months (reliability improvements)

    Conclusion

    Infineon's CoolSiC MOSFETs offer compelling advantages for high-efficiency, high-power-density applications. The IMW120R040M1H delivers industry-leading performance with 40mΩ on-resistance at 1200V rating, making it ideal for solar inverters, EV chargers, and industrial power supplies.

    Key advantages:

    • 4× lower switching losses vs IGBT
    • Zero reverse recovery charge
    • Higher operating temperature (175°C)
    • System-level cost savings
    For design assistance and samples, contact john.chen@elec-distributor.com or +86 15013702378.